Mobile phones: A blessing or a curse? Essay

It’s been years since someone had to look for spare change in their pocket to make a call out on the street from a pay phone, have we forgotten that mobile phones are somehow a blessing? The question here is whether mobile phones are a blessing or a curse. According to the â€Å"2013 mobile growth statistics† 91% of all people in the world have mobile phones and 56% own a smart phone, also according to mobile growth statistics the average age of owning a mobile phone now is 13. There are over 1.2 billion people accessing the WEB from their mobile devices and 28.85% of emails are being accessed through mobile phones. So basically humans lately have been living through their phones on a daily basis. Mobile phones have become a necessity in our everyday lives, whether for business, education, emergency, pleasure etc. Mobile phones have been under constant development and upgrade since they were first invented. Today most people have mobile phones, which don’t come close to resembling the first mobile phones, which were just a mean of communication with very little variety. A phone is no longer an electronic phonebook it’s a; mobile phone, computer, reminder, calendar, radio etc. Like any other product mobile phones have advantages and disadvantages, and this is why we ask ourselves whether it’s a blessing or a curse. However as a consumer of mobile phones I would say it is a bit of both. The advantages of having a â€Å"smart phone† are dependable, what I mean by dependable is that I can actually depend on my phone; which might seem like technology is making us into lazy human beings but its not. We educate ourselves we try to make everything as easy as possible so we can enjoy life. So what a â€Å"smart phone† does is that it helps me keep my life in order, and we do so by having applications that help with â€Å"ordering things online, having reminders, alarm clocks, social media, the news, having applications to connect with distant loved ones and of course applications that help with boredom.† We now have all of this at the tip of our fingers, at the touch of one button making life more comfortable. We also consider mobile phones a curse, mobile phones have so much to offer and having so much can become distracting and time consuming. I often find myself lost in another world with my phone pinned to my face, just jumping from one application to another surfing the web and I also get easily distracted when my phone keeps on beeping with notifications, text messages and updates. People have a lot of accidents while checking their phones for text messages, calling someone or just checking who’s doing what on social media. It has been one of the two major causes for accidents in Europe and America, just following driving under the influence of alcohol. Another big issue we are facing nowadays is the fact that we’re not facing people while having a conversation; we’re actually facing our phones. This is a problem because we seem to be caught up more in the virtual world rather than the real one, which will make us regret a lot of things in the future. One has to realize and become aware of the distractions a smart phone can offer, its meant to make life easier not more complicating. So smart phones are both a blessing and a curse it’s the consumer that decides whether it will become a distraction or a gadget that will just make things easier. The mobile phone will then be a perk to your life rather than being a burden and a time consuming device. Citations MLA format: Hepburn, Aden. â€Å"Infographic: 2013 Mobile Growth Statistics | Digital Buzz Blog.† 2013 Mobile Growth Statistics. N.p., 1 Oct. 2013. Web. 03 Sept. 2014. .

Consumer Behaviour with context to E-Commerce

There has been a tremendous rise and increase in the e-commerce. E-commerce refers to Electronic commerce which includes buying and selling of goods carried out electronically mostly on the Internet and World Wide Web. E-commerce concept Is In its full swing in India. The people of India have welcomed the E-commerce concept. There is continuous increase in the buying and selling of goods on the Internet. Cryptographic Segmentation of Indian People And E-commerce Segmentation is dividing the market In to different segments In order to select the argent customers.Market can be segmented on various bases. Cryptographic Segmentation is done on the basis of lifestyle of the people. In India there been a continuous change in the lifestyle of the people found depending upon the new trend. There is a vast effect and attraction of the western culture on the lifestyle of people. In India the lifestyle of the people Is deferent from people that live in the cities and that in the village. The li festyle of the people living in cities is far more advanced than villagers due to higher facilities and the adaptability of the quicker hang by the urban population.The E-commerce sector had made a very good use of this segment. The people In clues easy and quick access to Internet and there Is also a large use of internet found in this place. They readily and quickly accept the new trends In fashion. The latest clothing trends seen in the movie or any of the glamour world personality is rightly kept in to sell by the shopping sites like Gabon, Mantra, and Shopper's etc. For Ex-: Lean, Margins and Varian Divan these popular young superstars of plywood followed and liked youngsters were selected s brand ambassador of Gabon.Also various imitation Jewelry is being sold online keeping in mind the likings of urban ladies who enjoys wearing new patterns of jewelry. Jaywalkers. Com is an example of such a shopping site where only Jeweler Is being sold. Also in order to wait in long lines a nd going out for having your favorite fast food giants like Pizza Hut, Domino's, Sub Way and various other have enabled online ordering. The availability of the products of various International brands like Emperor Airman, Role and other luxurious brands shows the sign of success of e-commerce.Looking at the lifestyle of urban citizens who like to have dinner out every weekend the coupon's are made available at sites like Group of big v star hotels like Grand Hyatt, which offer weekends buffet dinners. Demographic Segmentation of Indian People and E-commerce In Demographic segmentation the market is segmented on the basis of the Age, Gender, Education, Religion, Nationality, Income, Social Class etc. Starting with the major head Age It has been found that it Is the young generation vastly use Internet on their laptops and mobile phones.They are also the biggest fashion crazy people OFF Gabon, Mantra and Jungle. On the basis of the gender also a separate segment for men, women and ch ildren's can be found on the sites like eBay, Amazon etc. Also there are sites like www. Sheepishness. Com are only for ladies. Keeping in mind the cultural and religious thought and its heavy impact on the Indian customers there are various products like beautiful lightings being sold at the time of dalai also colors and Pushchairs are being sold at the time of Hold.Even idols of god are being made available and the clothing at various festivals such as China Chili and Karts t the time of Invariant etc. For Ex-:Trades. Com Conclusion Various other factors that stand to the success of e-commerce in India are the positive thought in the minds of the people about the originality of the product, also giving the trial option, warranty and cash on delivery and cash back guarantee increases the faith in customers and encourage them to buy online.It has been also perceived that the online price is less as compared to the retail outlets due to the eradication of middlemen in between. Also l ooking at the rush at various public laces in cities as well as villages the government has also enabled online booking of tickets, voter ID cards and passport application facility on the internet. Anus 2-: Marketing Mix is the combination of elements of marketing and the role played by each and every element in the process of marketing There is difference in the behavior of a customer from a city and from that of a customer of a village.Product The villages buy with concept of fulfilling Just necessity and the urban people buy with the concept of fulfilling necessity and also for standard, wish, pleasure and comfort. The products that would be kept for sale in to villagers will mostly comprise of the goods related to the basic necessities such as grains, cloths and various other products that would be a part of their day today life. The products would also be such that which the villagers would easily prefer. For Ex-: The sale of olive oil would not be good in villages as compared to cities.Studies say that villages have great brand loyalty from that of cities. It is important to keep the products of customer's preference in the store. Place The villagers do not have goods means of transportation so the place to be chosen or the retail store must be near to the village as well as the place must be not far away from the main road. As the villagers own vehicles like cycle and motor cycle in due to increase in the transpiration facility and ownership of cars it is easy for them to travel a little longer distance.Price Price would play an important factor in the success of the store. The villagers earns from agriculture and other allied activities. The income of the villager is low as compared to that of an urban citizen. The purchasing power of villager is less due to his income. So it is to be kept in mind that the products to be sold must not be of high price. For this individual packets off product such as biscuits should be sold rather than that of family pa ckets. Even though they can even be reduced in a pack of 4 of 5 biscuits per pack.Promotion Promotion in villages should be done on mediums such as at bus stations, writing on the buses, radios, television etc. Personal Marketing at the time of various meals in the villages can also be very useful. Personal Marketing will have a greater impact on the village customers as all their doubts can be cleared and all the description of the reduce can be given. Also various local events like night matches which happen in villages can be sponsored. In cities the promotion can be done on internet, Railway stations and holdings.People People refer to the persons who would directly do the marketing to the village customers. It is to be kept in mind that the persons selected for personal marketing must be having additional skills like the knowing the local language of the village. It would be best if the marketing person selected would be one among the village which would help in more effective communication with the villagers. In cities it not important to find a person from the area itself and he must know any local language.Process Process is a secret key which can help in winning the minds of the customers. Suppose a customer from the buys a electronic product from the retail store and it has an onsite warranty, it needs to be registered online and there is a need of demo for the usage of the new product then the at the time of the selling the product the online warranty activation can be done at the retail shop itself, the customer can be given the facility to talk to the customer care and confirm his registration process and he demo can also be shown at the shop.As the city customers are well educated they can themselves do this by their own. Physical Evidence Physical evidence refers to the surrounding environment. It is important that the sales persons have a proper uniform look clean, they have their cards, and the store has a wider space and a good interior. Phys ical evidence is much essential in cities as the service expected by the people is more due to competition in the cities while due to less competition in the villages some of the factors like uniform and other big store space can be overlooked.

Earth’s hydrologic cycle Essay

The chemical quality of precipitation in the earth’s hydrologic cycle is significantly altered upon contact with the forest canopy. These chemical changes are traceable to natural biological processes and from polluted airsheds which affects precipitation chemistry. What happens to the water when it reaches solid earth shall be viewed by the chemical changes that occur on the different stages of the hydrologic cycle. Earth’s hydrologic cycle Hydrologic cycle is the process where water moves from and to the earth through the atmosphere over time and space scales powered mainly by the solar energy and gravity. Solar energy drives the evaporation process effectively transforming water from liquid to gas which results to cloud formation through saturation (Davie & Davie 2002). The degree of equilibrium then is the maximum point of saturation in any mixed atmosphere of vapor and air. When the air cools below the dew point, condensation of water vapor begins. The air at higher altitude is less dense producing lesser heat and lesser air pressure giving out cooler air. Condensation is the process through which water vapor changes to its liquid state again in the form of dew, smoke or fog. Precipitation occurs when clouds can no longer hold the heavy water vapor and it falls back to the earth in the form rain or snow and other forms. The distribution of precipitation on earth depends on the patterns of rising and falling air currents. Precipitation fills oceans, river, vegetation, land and other surfaces. Part of the water reaching the ground surface is highly dependent on turbulent transport from the atmosphere to the canopy on its composition, structure and properties. Rainwater picks up dust particles, plant seeds, bacteria, dissolved gases and ionizing radiation as it falls. It also accumulates with chemical substances like sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia upon hitting the ground. Aerosols, pesticides and fertilizers, sewage and industrial wastes which were introduced into the ground also mix with the infiltrating ground water. If precipitation continues, complete saturation of the soil zone occurs. This allows the water to continue to descend until it merges into a zone of dense rock. Density is directly proportional on its ability to allow penetration of water. Around these rocks are unsaturated and permeable materials called gravel, shale or sand. The boundary between the unsaturated and the water bearing rocks is defined as the water table. Water table could be hundreds of meters below the water surface where sometimes water rises without pumping in the form of springs. Drilling an artesian well will cause the water to gush to the surface until the pressure is equalized. Pumping may be necessary to lift water to the surface. Ground water is largest source of fresh water but is very difficult to track. Ground water well is good if the aquifer water level that supplies it stays the same. Cone of depression occurs when ground water is pumped from an aquifer through a well lowering its water level (Strobel n. d. ). A gradient then occurs producing a flow from the surrounding aquifer into the well decreasing water levels around the well. This results in a conical shaped depression that seems to radiate away from the well continuously expanding in a radial fashion until a point of equilibrium occurs. This plays an important role when planning well placements and deciding pumping rates including distances between wells. References Davie, T. & Davie, T. (2002). Fundamentals of hydrology. New York, NY: Routledge. Strobel, M. (n. d. ). Let’s talk water – cone of depression. Retrieved April 28, 2008 Website: http://nevada. usgs. gov/barcass/articles/Ely27. pdf

World War One and its Aftermath, Extract from the Treaty of Versailles Essay

World War One and its Aftermath, Extract from the Treaty of Versailles (1919) - Essay Example notes, as does other writers in this field, that the chief architects instrumental in designing this peace deal – a deal which bashed Germany on the face and left her drop on a myriad of problems, acted so on pressure from the electorates of their respective nations. George Clemenceau- the French Prime Minister, Woodrow Wilson-the American President Vittorio Orlando-the Italian Prime Minister and David Lloyd- the British Prime Minister were the four members of council that deliberated on the peace deal. It is important to point out that Germany was excluded from the talks and their fate was determined by the council of four2. Kitchen seems to employ a neutral ground rather than that of criticism in his articulation of facts and opinions. He appears not to be holding belligerent views with other writers on this topic but instead, concurs to a larger extent with what is in other texts. His focus is on a sober audience who intends to find out historical facts free from personal prejudice and judgment, something, which I believe, is the underlying drive for this work. One exception though, he doesn’t seem to agree with those who are quick to blame the Versailles treaty as the direct cause of world war two. He instead has Hitler and his limitless ambitions to blame. The culmination of the bloody war which had far reaching effects on nations and humanity, which defied definitive calculation, came to a halt with the signing of the peace agreement on 28th of June 1919 in Paris, France. This was the peace treaty with Germany.3 Best 1984 p2 ,points out that there were other lesser treaties with Austria, Hungary, Bulgaria and Turkey. The former, he confirms, was crafted by the four council members while the latter was left to the government officials and inter-Allied agencies. What then were the outcomes of the Versailles Treaty? There is a general consensus in the works of many writers that the end result of the treaty was nothing to be desired by the Germans.

Kabbalahs Place in Jewish Mysticism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Kabbalahs Place in Jewish Mysticism - Essay Example The essay "Kabbalah’s Place in Jewish Mysticism" is interested in exploring its impact upon the individual and collective life of the Jews on the one hand, and its association with Christian philosophy on the other. Since mysticism is considered to be the way of unveiling the concealed realities of universal phenomena through soul’s direct or indirect encounter with the Creator, by seeking inspiration from Him. It is therefore, one particular class out of the followers belonging to all Abrahamic faiths practice the same in one way or the other in order to obtain wisdom, unique mystic experience and spiritual uplift as well through meditation, rumination and contemplation. However, the ways and methods adopted by various sects appear to be divergent ones in nature, though the destination is one and the same i.e. examination of the truth and realities of universe in order to approach the Creator; the same is applied to Kabbalah, which not only enjoys imperative status in spiritualism and mysticism, but also appears to be the foundation of Jewish mysticism, followed by various communities and cultures in different forms. The first and oldest one among the three Abrahamic religious faiths, Judaism serves as one of the ancient belief systems of the world, which seeks its inspiration from divine revelation and complete code of leading a systematic life under the commandments introduced by the prophets of God to the progeny of Abraham by direct spiritual guidelines sent from the Creator of the universe to the holy men.

Extinction of Dinosaurs Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Extinction of Dinosaurs - Essay Example The disappearance of the dinosaurs is in some ways a great mystery. During the time the dinosaurs lived, many new kinds developed and other older kinds died out. Not all kinds died out at once, but by the end of the Cretaceous period, the last of the dinosaurs had disappeared. Scientists have proposed several theories to explain the disappearance of the dinosaurs. There are two main theories of Dinosaur extinction as follows: the Asteroid Theory. In 1980 the asteroid theory was proposed by Luis and Walter Alvarez. This theory is based on the discovery of unusually high concentrations of the rare metal iridium at rock levels close to the level of the last dinosaur remains. Iridium is more common in meteorites than in rocks found in the earth's crust. According to this theory, a large asteroid crashed into the earth about the time the dinosaurs disappeared. The force of the collision caused a huge cloud of dust to circle the earth. The dust blocked the sun's light for as long as five y ears. This killed many plants, and without food, the dinosaurs died too.

Investment and Fund Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Investment and Fund Management - Essay Example The current difficulty that the members of Fortunes are facing now is regarding the portfolio of pension provision. According to the current provisions, the members will be paid lump sum based upon individual contributions. But a careful analysis of the pension fund portfolio reveals that it was built up in an undisciplined manner. Hence, the current portfolio is considered inappropriate since the global markets are facing downturns. The objective of the study is to carefully analyse the current portfolio and recommend suitable adjustments so that Fortunes Inc. can meets its pension provision in the coming years. Analysis of Current Portfolio Tottenham Hotspur Fortunes Inc. has bought 2000 ordinary shares of Tottenham Hotspur plc which was founded in 1882 and it owns Tottenham Hotspur FC. It falls under entertainment sector. The total revenue of the company at the end of 2011 was ?261.90 million. The company has experienced a growth rate of over 45% during one year. BAE Systems BAE s ystems plc is multinational British defence aerospace and Security Company. It is the world’s largest defence contractor and third biggest in terms of revenue. It falls under aviation sector. The total revenue at the end of 2012 was ?17.84 billion with net profit over ?1billion. Tesco Tesco plc is a multinational British general merchandise and grocery retailer and is the third largest retailer in the world. It falls under consumer goods sector. The total revenue of the company for the year ending 2012 was over ?65.5 billion with net profit over ?3.9 billion. Whitbread Whitbread plc operates in hotels and restaurant business. As of 2012, the company has over 619 hotels and over 385 restaurants. The total revenue of the company for the year ending 2012 was GBP 1.9 billion with a net profit of GBP 281 million. Barclays Bank Barclays plc is a leading banking and financial services providing multinational company which is headquartered in London, UK. It is public limited company and is traded as BARC on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). It falls under banking and financial services sector. For the year ending 2012, the company reported total revenue over ?24 billion with bottom line about ?235 million. The company specialises in Investment banking, corporate banking and Wealth banking. Helical Bar Helical Bar plc is a holding company operating in property investments and development. It falls under the realty sector. The company leases or owns land and properties for the purpose of trading and selling. The company booked profits of over GBP 7.65 million from a total revenue over 65.85 million. Cable and Wireless Communication It is a global telecom service provider that offers broadband, mobile, television, and fixed lines to customers. It falls under the entertainment sector. In October 2011 the company has sold its 50% interest to Mauritius based Telecom Company known as Vanuatu ltd. In the year 2012, it sold 49% stake to Fiji and formed an amalgamated ent ity known as Fintel. In April 2013, it announced the sale of majority stake to Monaco & Islands division. For the year ending 2012, the company suffered a net loss of GBP 55.49 million. Flybe Group It is UK based domestic airline company and it falls under aviation sector. As on 2012, the company reported to own 19 aircrafts but it suffered a net loss of GBP 22.30 million. Lazard UK Alpha Retail Inc Fund The fund does not charge any initial fee currently

Strategic Plan and the Structure of the Technology Department Essay

Strategic Plan and the Structure of the Technology Department - Essay Example Strategic Plan on Organizational Needs for Success The process of strategic planning helps an organization to accomplish its objectives. In this context, it can be stated that strategic planning helps to support the policies according to the organizational needs by recognizing the opportunities to make constructive use of Information Technology (IT). In this way, it can also help an organization to achieve competitive advantage. IT is used as a strategic business tool and thus strategic administrators need to recognize and manage the various aspects of IT for taking better advantages of available opportunities. In the Beach Bum gym as well, the prepared strategic plan has played a vital part for satisfying organizational requirements of success. As the business of gym is competitive due to the presence of numerous clubs, IT such as Netpulse can significantly act as a competitive weapon for Beach Bum gym (Segars & Grover, 1998). Strategic planning is meant for long-term management whi ch optimally impacts on IT department. Strategic planning ensures that critical business requirements are fulfilled and more inclusive methods are adopted in business. Strategic planning procedure facilitates in adhering to certain essential disciplines, regulates new systems, institutes good relations and enables to recognize tasks and duties, consequently outlining resource requirements. These activities help for better allocation of resources and cooperatively provide advantages to the business (Ward & Peppard, 2002). IT Department in the Organization The success of an organization in present day’s business environment depends on aspects such as innovation, technology, consistency, quality and supervision. Technology in this sense is a blend of machinery, equipment, techniques and knowledge which can effectively transform the business. Strategic planning can assist in utilizing technology, in order to bring about certain desired changes towards fulfilling business objectiv es. Strategic planning helps to use the IT for conducting business activities in an effective way. The crucial role of IT lies in its capability to support effective business performance (Karadal & Tumer, n.d.). IT resides in an important position in an organization by enhancing the competitive position. Competitive efficiency allows providing services in a unique way than other competitors. In the Beach Bum gym business, Netpulse can act as an innovative tool for supporting the business by facilitating to deliver unique experiences to the customers. As a result, they will be willing to stay in touch with the gym business for the long-run (Karadal & Tumer, n.d.). Innovation and Technology Enable Globalization Technology is a driving factor in globalization. Globalization in business denotes to the high level of interdependency and interrelatedness in diverse and geologically distributed players. Nowadays, technologies such as IT have been shown to intensify complex business procedur es. Technology plays a pertinent role in making the notion of globalization successful. Due to continued new innovations in technology, it becomes possible for people to access and share information rapidly. Thus, technology is changing the way people use information for several purposes. Innovations in technology have simplified efficiency improvements in every segment of business. In this context, it can be stated that IT drives the innovative application of resources to encourage new services and thoughts across nations and

Karnaugh Map Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Karnaugh Map - Essay Example In addition, the bottom right is marked (10) because positions A=1, B=0, C=1 and D=0, giving (f) a value of 10. After the construction, of the Karnaugh map, the minimum terms used in the final expression are sought. They are reached by circling groups of (1) in the map. These groups should be rectangular and have an area with a power of a prime numbers (Saxena, & Arora, 2009). Karnaugh maps help in detection and elimination of race hazards, which become easy to detect using the Karnaugh map. A race condition exists when moving between adjacent pairs. For instance, when (C) =1 and (D) = 0 in the map, (A) = 1 and (B) changes to 0. As a result, the output does not change, but potential for a glitch exists. Minimum logical functions have crucial applications in designing logical circuits. Finding the minimum logical function is solved by using different methods, most of which are not suitable for computer implementation. Laws of Boolean algebra simplified by the Karnaugh map have a wide application in minimization of the logical functions. The map represents an efficient tool for minimizing logical functions with less than six variables (Seda, 2008). The Gray Code or the reflected binary code represents a binary numbering system in which two consecutive values vary in only a single bit. This code is non-weighted. The invention of the code served to prevent spurious electromechanical switches output. Currently the Gray Codes have a wide application in facilitation of error collection and digital communication. In the Gray code numbering system, the device utilizes natural binary codes. In this case, the positions may be close to one another. Disadvantages of the gray code lie with the real switches, which do not change state in synchrony. Transitions between the two states are preceded by a change in all the switches. As the switch change, at one point, they read a spurious position. The Gray Code

Vodafone international marketing strategy Case Study

Vodafone international marketing strategy - Case Study Example The fourth chapter will describe the research process i.e. how the research will be conducted and fundamental description about findings. The fifth chapter will describe the analysis of data gathered by literature review and secondary method. This chapter will show if the research findings match with the literature review or not. In the final chapter the ultimate conclusion will be drawn and discussed based on the research problem. The case study is based on the research objective i.e. to understand the international marketing strategies of Vodafone and its impact. Literature Review Vodafone is a telecommunication company which operates their business worldwide. It is a UK based company which serves around 359 million people internationally and operates in over 30 countries in the world [2] (Vodafone Limited, 2010). International Marketing Strategy The principal approach to development of international marketing strategy can be done by three steps. First is the recognition of differe nt marketing segments within the industry, second is clarifying the target customer segment and third is the improvement of products and services according to the needs and requirements of the particular segment. In order to be competitive in the international environment, Michael Porter had proposed three strategies which are cost leadership, focus and differentiation. Vodafone had implemented Porter’s generic strategies in the international business environment to remain competitive. Vodafone had focused on decreasing the cost of their services. In certain particular countries, Vodafone had implemented unique offers to dominate in the market segment. The Porter’s Generic Strategies of Vodafone Strategic...Their cost program helps to balance the cost inflation and facilitate them to increase the revenue [3] (Vodafone Limited, 2010). Vodafone had implemented ‘Siemens top’ plan to employ cost optimisation and reduce the cost of various operations. This plan had successfully reduced cost by 10% per year. Through this plan, Vodafone had involved 500 procedures and freed over 4000 servers and 1000 Tera Byte storage space. Their maintenance cost was saved by 10% and consolidation services cost was saved by 25% (Siemens IT Solutions and Services GmbH, 2011). In the year 2007, Vodafone had selected Sony Ericsson to supply and allocate the spare equipments for their network service in European countries such as Portugal, Spain and Germany. According to the deal with Sony Ericsson, the supply of spare parts included 2G, 3G and transmissions tools in Europe. This is a part of cost reduction strategy of Vodafone which could enable the company to minimise the average cost of management procedure of supply and develop the service level. Through this agreement, Vodafone can harmonise the spare component supply, provide better cost transparency for the provision of services and eliminate the extra investment for spare component inventory. This agreement is beneficial for Vodafone in the sense that it can save the cost by channelizing purchases in all countries by a single supplier (Vodafone Limited, 2007).

Functional Areas Of Business Essay Example for Free

Functional Areas Of Business Essay There has been an ongoing debate between enlisted members and commissioned officers of the United States Military about effective leadership and the scope of control. Enlisted Service Personnel are usually the worker bees, are not managerial in nature, with combat and field experience. Commissioned Officers are the leaders of the enlisted members. Commissioned Officers usually are the ones that can be personified as managers, with little to no field or combat experience. This debate stems from Commissioned Officers executing their managerial roles, how it affects the enlisted member, and how it effects the overall mission. Leadership, strategic planning, law, human resources management, will be utilized to analyze the role of a manager within the functional areas of business. Leadership Most employees will follow an effective leader if the manager exudes confidence, is not a hypocrite, and believes in the organization’s mission statement wholeheartedly. The adage, If a manager has to claim to be a leader, it almost seems as though he or she is trying to convince themselves that they are a leader, instead of showing that the manager is capable of leading. Motivation, inspiration, and being levelheaded are great attributes in being a great leader. Managers do not have to be an efficient leader in order to get things done, however, they should know how to manage those effective and efficient leaders in order to see the project or mission through. Most effective leaders are effective by being prepared and knowledgeable with some strategic planning. Strategic Planning As the adhesive that was so meticulously put there to hold up that model ship which is encased in a glass bottle, there is a plethora of minutia detail that goes into planning. With regards to the military, it takes an almost insurmountable amount of planning just to execute even the smallest of missions. This component is imperative to have in the manager’s toolbox, in order to maintain the survivability of the organization. A person that fails to plan, he or she plans to fail. Managers have to stay on top of planning, even if it means that sometimes coming into the organization on weekends, or coming in earlier than their standard start time. The organization also depends deeply on the legal department to ensure that the organization will not fall privy to legal troubles. Read more:  Functional Areas Of Business Law There are legal boundaries that dictate what can or cannot take place in the business world. Businesses hire witty, educated, and self-starting legal individuals to interpret the laws. There is a ton of small laws that can get an organization in or out of legal calamity. It could be a zoning law issue, or a morality issue, or what is common with big organizations is an environment issue. Managers have to be cognizant and stay on top of these issues in order to be a successful manager. In order a successful manager, there have to be some exceptional employees. Those employees hire through Human Resources. Human Resources Management Filtering out among the mass applicant pool to hire the best employees that are most suited for the position, rectifying current employees pay if needed, ensuring equal opportunity to the employees are all components of what it means to be in the human resources department. Managers have a few components to deal with when it comes to human resources. According to an a Forbes article, administrative director at a law-firm wrote that she needed some advice. The administrators employee was pregnant and she wanted to find a way to fire her before the employee tells anyone. She further stated that the pregnant woman would cost the organization a temporary hire, adding that after the baby is born the pregnant woman is sure to miss work due to baby illness. (Ryan, 2014) Managers have to be aware that it is illegal to fire someone for pregnancy, and need to have the wherewithal to be firm, but understand that employees have a choice of motherhood as well as having a  career. Managers in hu man resources can sometimes be the epitome for the managers throughout the entire organization that set the tone for the organization. When a manager from human resources has to fire an individual, if they are not careful the methods that are used can be detrimental to the entire organization. If the manager calls, emails, or texts the individual that in two weeks time that the person will be fired or laid off, that individual now has time to sabotage, slack-off, give trade secrets to competitive organizations or do something physically harmful to himself or the people at the organization. If the manager tells the individual that is to be fired to come into the office and let’s discuss some of the options that a person may have face-to-face, makes that terminated employee somewhat at ease. The terminated employee will not have to tackle this daunting situation alone. Supply Management In order to stay relevant in business, managers understand that they must have quality products at a reasonable rate from their suppliers. However, when the rates are unreasonable, managers should seek out other suppliers that will accommodate the organization’s budget. â€Å"Mooney agrees that managers will usually be keen on a purchasing department that is good at finding savings. But, he warns, even this can be a double-edged sword, because they can be expected to be much less enthusiastic when it is their area of spend that is being touched upon.† (Wheatley, 2005) Managers have to be diligent and understand that the purchasing department, if not fully understood, can break the financial infrastructure of an organization. Conclusion Being a great leader will comprise of attributes such as not being temperamental, inspirational and having the ability to motivate. Being able to strategically plan has to be in the managers repertoire, in order to efficiently run the organization. Laws are meant to be interpreted by the legal team to ensure the organization does not end up in legal trouble. Human resource managers have to be careful with the way they handle terminating employees. Finding the best supplier with a quality product, for a reasonable price is what managers should reach for in order to have a thriving organization. References University of Phoenix. MBA Overview Module. Retrieved from University of Phoenix, MGT/521 Website Wheatley, M. (2005, May). Supply Management. 10-11. Ryan, L. (2014, April). You Think Your Manager is Slimy? Check Out These Guys. Forbes, (), . Retrieved from http://www.forbes.com/sites/lizryan/2014/04/08/you-think-your-manager-is-slimy-check-out-these-guys/

Class I Railroad and Teacher Essay Example for Free

Class I Railroad and Teacher Essay Any other day in school was the same, going to class going to lunch and going home that was until I saw my schedule change. I was a bit shy not knowing what to expect from my new classes and what were they going to be like. When I come into my new class I felt scared, it was like a western movie, when a cowboy walk into a bar and its dead silence nothing but eyes staring at me and not in a good way. I was put in Mr. U Jimenez classroom. After a couple of days in the class it was still harsh but it was getting better for me. It was fun on some days and that’s when I knew I was getting along with others. Eventually I caught up and was right on track. In my new class the first few things I did was stay calm, be happy and try to go along with others. The first day of my class was towards the end of the first trimester. It was crazy knowing I had to start a new trimester in a different class; it was crazy because when the teacher would send a student out with him the class will go nuts because they had â€Å"free time† and got away from class work for a couple of minutes. After a couple of days in the class it just went from a fun class to a disaster. I’m not such a fast writer and well when it came to taking notes in Mr.  U Jimenez class it wasn’t so good for me. I wrote as fast as I could but unfortunately I wasn’t fast enough. Before I could finish my notes the power point would change and both the class and I wouldn’t have a chance to finish. On the first day of class I also witnessed that the teacher called five different student parents for bad behavior. Knowing that the first day was like this I thought a lot about what the rest of the school year would be like. People feel many different ways on their first few day of class. I felt that in the first few days of being in the class were ok but then the other few days of class weren’t. I felt afraid of my teacher at first because of how strict he was. I also dislike yelling and people telling my parents bad news about me. In some occasions (not to be crazy) I wanted to strangle Mr. U Jimenez and maybe a couple of the other kids because of how annoying they are but I’m only thirteen and well I don’t want to go to jail so I decided to put up with my feelings towards that class and just do as well as I could. However my teacher does have some kind moments and rewards us with candy. The class can be fun like the poem project I did. I enjoyed doing that, we had some good times expressing urselves, getting created, and getting to know my classmates a little more in class. I felt many different reactions in class. Some days I was pretty happy in class and other times I was pretty annoyed and wanted to leave or scared. It would be fun because the teacher was cool on some days. Once in a while the class would get to play who wants to be a millionaire or some educational activity. I’d have a good time in the class joking around with my friends. On other days it’s pretty annoying because my teacher would be mean. He calls my mom in front of the whole class and it’s pretty embarrassing. When my teacher keeps us in class it’s because a student has lost one of his many pen, he wants back. When we do activities in the class and when it comes to questions I react in a shy way and stay quiet and hope he doesn’t pick me. If the class is crazy for a long time it won’t stay that way for long. I’d be kind of surprised and scared because Mr. U Jimenez yells and says shut it and sit down in our seats. Soon were back to taking fast notes and listening to lessons all over again. My reactions toward school were never really exciting anyways. My behavior has changed thorough Mr. U Jimenez class. When I came to his class my behavior hasn’t change but I had to try now and then. At first I felt scared and a bit shy so I don’t think my behavior was too bad but after a while I felt comfortable. When I started feeling comfortable in class I was a bit crazy at some points. I now I’m lazy because I don’t want to do my work or pay attention but I don’t think I’m as lazy anymore. I know I need to pass my class so I try a little harder now. When Mr. U Jimenez gets mad we all get mad, even though he is always in a grumpy mood. Sometimes when he’s mad I don’t really understand him he says things that don’t make sense; well to me that is and again he starts to call parents sometimes he does it randomly too. I know I don’t like it when he calls my mom. Neither my mom and I like my teacher’s calls but its best for her to know that I’m not doing so well in class so I can improve better and try harder, when Mr. U Jimenez calls or sends papers talk about my behavior in class nor missing assignments my mom doesn’t give me my allowance and she takes my we and my TV, my mom would just start to tell me all these things about school to do better and improve my grades. Sometimes I forget Mr. U Jimenez name and call him (fat teacher) not to be mean Mr. U Jimenez but I’m trying to behave myself. There were many things I felt when I started my new class. I had so many things going through my mind. I was thinking about how I would feel, my reactions, my behavior and what it would be like. When it was a no teacher zone the students would get pretty crazy. On some days the teacher would scary me and annoy me so I would know my reaction for the day until I got out of class. Some days were better than others like the games we play and the activities that we would do. It would be cool when we play games because for the people that won they’d get rewarded with candy. My behavior has changed in my classroom and I’ve gotten use to my class. Now all I ‘m trying to do is to pass Mr. U Jimenez class so I can go to High School and pass science or my mom will kill me and send me to summer school. If I don’t pass I can’t go to San Francisco on our Vacation Mr. U Jimenez I know that I’m not one of your best students but I’m trying my mom always keep on saying u are smart I can do anything if I just try hard and pay attention and listen like I’m with math I just don’t know it till don’t come out of me still.

The Debate on E-learning: Advantages and Disadvantages

The Debate on E-learning: Advantages and Disadvantages People have different opinions about e learning. Some people think that e-learning is innovative and it reduces the time and distance barriers of education while the other group thinks that e-learning leads to feelings of isolation and frustrations (Handzic Ho-hur, 2005). E-learning can be defined as using network technologies to create, foster, deliver and facilitate learning, anytime and anywhere (Liaw, 2008 cited in Duan et.al., 2010). Due to globalisation corporations have to deal with more complex and uncertain situations nowadays. To survive and succeed in this environment the organisations have to keep up with the pace and have to be more innovative and efficient (Handzic Ho-hur, 2005). It is important to keep the employees up-to-date not only in the technology but also with the implications which use the technology and yield for more efficient and effective working (Newton Doonga, 2007). Corporate e-learning can be done in the form of e-training. Newton (2007) Doonga (2007) define Entraining as an environment in which training or instruction in a range of skills or techniques can be developed using computer technology. The purpose of this paper is to identify the benefits limitations of corporate e-learning to organisations. Corporate E-learning is the future of the business world. Corporate want to save more and more costs by having more corporate e-learning rather than sending their employees to different locations for getting the required training. Literature review Secondary Data: The literature review will discuss the various advantages and limitations of e-learning. The literature reviewed considers both qualitative and quantitative analysis in their research. The purpose of the literature review is to find gaps in the study that has been conducted on e-learning. This includes benefits, limitations and purpose of e-learning. Following are the benefits of e-learning: 1. Technological changes increase the velocity of work environment:   Technology has changed the way people live, work, think, and learn (Urdan Weggen 2000). The work force of today has to be on their toes to get a contract, to achieve targets and all the challenges that come their way. They have to understand a lot of information in a short span of time. The rate at which new products and services are introduced in the market is extra ordinary. As production cycles and life spans of products continue to shorten, information and training quickly become obsolete (Urdan Weggen 2000). The training managers have to deliver the services more efficiently and quickly. Training managers feel the urgency to deliver knowledge and skills more rapidly and efficiently whenever and wherever needed. In the age of just-in-time production, just-in-time training becomes a critical element to organizational success (Urdan Weggen 2000). 2. Cost Savings: Strother citing Newton Doonga (2007) assesses the effectiveness of e-learning in corporate training programs and gives some very impressive examples of à ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ nancial beneà ¯Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ts of corporate e-learning. She quotes that IBMs reported saving of $200 million in 1999 through conversion of their training delivery methods to e-learning, Ernst and Youngs reduction of training costs by 35% gained by replacing 80% of classroom instruction by using e-training and Rockwell Collins reduction of training expenditure of 40% by converting 25% of their traditional instruction to e-training (Newton Doonga, 2007) . Corporate e-learning also saves on the travelling of the trainers which can be used as optimum use of their skills.   3. Accessibility Flexibility of delivery: Schriver Giles 1999 prove that one of the benefits of e-learning us the accessibility and flexibility of delivery. It is cheaper to deliver the projects through reduced opportunity costs and reduced time away from work. It also helps to reach the wider constituencies, also to the most remote areas.  Ã‚   4. Globalization of business is resulting in manifold challenges: Advances in information technology and falling trade barriers facilitate business around the globe. As borders become less meaningful, global competition intensifies. International expansion has led to larger and more complex corporations. Todays businesses have more locations in different time zones and employ larger numbers of workers with diverse cultural backgrounds and educational levels than ever. Thus, more information has to be delivered in increasingly larger organizations, challenging internal planning, logistics, and distribution. Corporations worldwide are now seeking more innovative and efficient ways to deliver training to their geographically-dispersed workforce (Urdan Weggen 2000).   5. Trainees learn at their own pace: The trainees can take their own time in understanding the concept and dont have to rush. E-learning also helps them to have the training material in their gasp whenever required. Also it can be referred whenever needed (Elliot Clayton, 2007).   Community building and Interactivity (Handzic Ho-Hur, 2005): E-learning helps in community building and increases a lot of interactivity between the trainer and the trainee between different parts of the world. A research was conducted in state of online learning in U.S. higher education. The study was aimed at answering some of the fundamental questions about the nature and extent of online education based on responses from more than 2,500 colleges and universities. The below graph indicates the growth of students taking at least one online course. Limitations of e-learning: E-learning limitations can be categorized as technological limitations, personal issues and design limitations (Wong, 2007). Technological limitations: Wong 2007 believes that for e-learning you need to have a computer or a laptop to have access to e-learning. Rumble (2000) cited in Wong (2007) says that e-learning comes with benefits such as unlimited access 24 hours, 7 days a week, this privilege does not seem to be feasible for some people in rural areas due to the inability to access Internet services. The Internet penetration rate in Malaysia is only 31.8 % (Phang, 2004 cited in Wong, 2007). Good internet speeds are the basic requirement and these are only available in few places and not in all. Bose 2003 cited in Wong 2007 mentioned that, while it is feasible to access to high-speed bandwidth within the university campus, it becomes a problem outside the campus, where Internet facilities are less sophisticated. Handzic Ho-hur (2007) say that a lot of researchers think that e-learning lead to feelings of isolation, frustration, anxiety and confusion.   Personal issues (Wong 2007): Lack of personal technological skills can be an issue in e-learning. The new people coming and joining e-learning might feel clueless as they dont have a teacher to guide them.   Elearners have to be techno savvy. Hamid (2002) cited in Wong (2007) stated that technical skills could cause frustration to e-learning students due to the unconventional e-learning environment and isolation from others. Dringus (200) cited in Macpherson et al. (2004) agrees Hamid saying that e-learners may be unable to sustain their momentum unless they have right skills and they are self motivated. Design Limitations: Poor design of the e-learning courseware is a major issue for learners and e-learning providers Ivergard Hunt (2005) cited in Wong (2007). The design should be easy to understand so that the learner has the motivation to learn. Courseware design should be tailored to the needs of the learners: it should be easy to use and students should have easy access to guidance and information (Howell, Williams Lindsay 2003; James-Gordon, Young Bal, 2003 cited in Wong 2007). The following example explains how China adopted E-learning with the help of 5 influential factors (Duan et al., 2010). Another example of corporate e-learning is taken up by Japan. The Japan e-learning market reached 1350 billion yen in 2004, an increase of 41.3% from 2003 (Schnack, 2005). Traditional learning: Traditional learning is sitting in the class physically and taking lessons. The traditional classroom setting adds value in terms of instruction clarity. Traditional learning is available almost every part of the world where education is available. Students and the teachers are comfortable with the classroom environment as they have been always used to it. Teaching in this environment is more informal (Chen Jones, 2007). Traditional classroom teaching gives an opportunity to the students to ask spontaneous questions in the class. The teacher can answer to the queries of the students right in the class. Traditional learning gives opportunity to students to interact with other students and have live discussions on topics and have different opinions on one concept. Interaction between students is an important part of individual development. Teachers use situations to explain concepts to students which give them a practice to think on the spot and come up with solutions in a quick time (Lunce, 2006). Studies on e-learning have identified lots of benefits like cost savings, flexibility and accessibility of delivery and community building and interactivity (Newton Doonga). Also there is extensive research on the limitations of e-learning. The biggest difference between the two learning is the delivery methods so it is very important to do a proper research in this matter to find the differences. Important goal of this study was to be able to make meaningful comparisons between two delivery methods (Chen Jones, 2007). Mind the gap: Studies on e-learning have identified a lot of benefits and limitations. There is not a lot of research done on the difference between traditional room learning and  e-learning. This research will give us an idea about what do people prefers? Though there are many benefits proven but its the people who will be using e-learning in day to day life, so it is very important to take their opinion into  consideration. In other words we will try to find the user friendly of e-learning in the opinion of the people using this. This research will also give an idea to the people planning to take up e-learning in future. This research should be able to justify the benefits and limitations of e-learning in comparison to the traditional classroom learning. Research question: What do people prefer, e-learning or traditional classroom learning and why? Research Design: Methods, Methodology Data Collection: Methods are the techniques that are used to collect and analyse the data. Methodology determines whether the implementation of particular methods is successful or not (Veal. The method that can be used for this will be quantitative qualitative methods. The qualitative methods will help gathering information in depth and will be more subjective. The quantitative research will be more objective and will be analysed more statistically. Qualitative methods Samples / Focus groups: People from different organisations who use e-learning, a sample will be from organisation which does not use e-learning, a group of students who use learning and the last group who does not. Focus groups can be made and asked about the benefits of e-learning and traditional learning. This debate will give a good knowledge about the thoughts of people about both the concepts. The findings from the focus groups will help us to prepare the questionnaire for the in depth interviews. Different questionnaires will be used for different groups. As the demographics of each group will be different the questions have to be prepared keeping the purpose of the research in mind. Questions asked to the organisations using e-learning will be mostly based on the benefits, limitations and the improvements to be made in e-learning, while on the other side the non user group will be educated first about e-learning and then asked whether they will be keen to move to e-learning. The questions will be based on workplace e-learning. Same technique of two different questionnaire used for two groups will be used for the student groups but with different set of questions which will be more based on e-learning school education. In-depth interviews: The questionnaire made with the help of the findings of the focus groups will be explanatory. In-depth interviews will give an insight of the thinking of people regarding these concepts. The in depth interviews questions will be connected to each other. Quantitative methods: Surveys: Surveys will be conducted in general to get statistics of the number of people interested in e-learning or traditional learning. The questionnaire of the survey will be a mix of open ended and close ended questions. The questions in this survey will be more general to get the numbers only, like how many people are interested in e-learning and how many in traditional classroom learning. Data Analysis: Data Analysis will be divided into 3 different stages: Data Reduction: The irrelevant data will be discarded and only the data which is necessary and related to the research topic will be kept. Data Display :The data will be displayed with the help of graphs and tables as visual graphs can give a better understanding of the data. Conclusion: The findings and the important stuff of the research will be entered in the form of a report. These conclusions are stored so that they be used for future researches as well. Conclusion: As seen through the various journals and sources related to e-learning, it is quite obvious that the story is rather two-fold. There are studies conducted to test the worthiness of e-journal, whether people prefer to use this method, but as indicated earlier, there isnt much research on comparing the traditional classroom method of teaching with the so-called future of teaching e-learning. Where corporate are required to provide knowledge through interdisciplinary areas of the organization, e-learning tends to be a cost-saving method of knowledge dispersion. Though this might be true, there are a lot of people who prefer human interaction, rather the traditional method of learning. Based on this, I decided that future research can be conducted to find out what types of industries, entities or any such establishment, hence an increased number of surveys throughout the workspace spectrum are extremely important to find out the preferences of people in different parts of the globe.

Symbols and Symbolism in A Raisin in the Sun †Dream Symbolism :: Raisin Sun essays

A Raisin in the Sun – Dream Symbolism A Raisin in the Sun by Lorraine Hansberry, portrays the life of a black family living in a bad section of Chicago. There are many problems in this family, but mostly it revolves around the character of Mama and how she longs to give her family a better life through the money she receives when her husband dies. Also, the family deals with the racism in Chicago in the 1950's complicating the realization of Mama's dreams for the family as well as other family conflicts that come up when money is entered into the equation. A Raisin in the Sun is basically about dreams, as the main characters struggle to deal with the oppressive circumstances that rule their lives. The Youngers struggle to attain these dreams throughout the play, and much of their happiness and depression is directly related to their attainment of, or failure to attain, these dreams. By the end of the play, they learn that the dream of a house is the most important dream because it unites the family. "Oh--So now it's life. Money is life. Once upon a time freedom used to be life--now it's money. I guess the world really do change." Mama is Walter and Beneatha's sensitive and loving mother and the head of the Younger household. She demands that members of her family respect themselves and take pride in their dreams. Mama demands that the apartment in which they all live always be neat and clean. She stands up for her beliefs and provides perspective from an older generation. She believes in striving to succeed while maintaining her moral boundaries. Money is only a means to an end for Mama; dreams are more important to her than material things, and her dream is to own a house with a garden and yard where Travis can play. The following quotation occurs in Act I, scene ii when Mama asks Walter why he always talks about money. Walter then replies "money is life," explaining to her that that he believes that success is all about how much money you have. This conversation ta kes place early in the play and reveals Mama's and Walter's money struggles, and it goes to show the difference in their generations.

Lee Iacocca :: Essays Papers

Lee Iacocca Lee Iacocca grew up in Allentown Pennsylvania, very close to my hometown of Boyertown Pa. My geographic connection with Iacocca is one of the reasons I chose to read his autobiography. We are both very interested in automobiles and automotive history, which connected me even further with Iacocca . Iacocca believes that you can become and achieve anything in life as long as you have strong determination and motivation. I too share this belief. Lee Iacocca did not focus his life on goals that others set for him; he followed his heart and his dreams, which someday is something I hope to be able to say about myself. Iacocca, the son of Italian immigrants grew up in an upper middle class family. His father started out with nothing and over many years, he managed to build a successful chain of hotdog restaurants in Pennsylvania. Because of his father's success and strong beliefs in the value of education, Iacocca grew up attending private schools and eventually found his way into Lehigh University. While attending, Lehigh Iacocca earned a degree in Mechanical engineering. Upon his graduation, he landed a very prestigious job with Ford Motor Company. In August 1946, Iacocca began his work in the engineering department of Ford. After a year of engineering Iacocca discovered that it was not what he wanted to do with his life, he wanted to be in sales. Ford agreed, which was the start of a very successful venture for Iacocca and the Ford Motor Company. Through many years of hard work, Iacocca was promoted to top management. This is where he found himself living his dream. He never wanted to leave work at the end of the day and could not wait to go back the next morning. Although Iacocca was doing very well and could not be happier, the Ford Motor Company was going through hard times. General Motors was really hurting Ford in sales and in innovations. In the late 50's and early 60's Ford produced cars that were just not selling and were real failures in the industry. Iacacco knew something had to be done, and he convinced president and CEO Henry Ford Jr. that he was the man to do it. Through many months of close arduous work with Ford's design team, Iaccoca came up with the Idea of the Mustang .

Muhammad Bio Essay examples -- essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Muhammad is by far one of the most influential men in the history of the religious world. Even today his teachings are still worldly known and his views on dying for a place in heaven result in our terrorist bombings, suicide, and even the world trade center disaster. To understand the fundamentals and the reasons why Islam is a violent religion you have to divert back to the teachings of Muhammad and his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Muhammad was born around 572 B.C to his father Abdallah and his mother Amina. Both of Muhammad’s parents died when he was quite young, but he stayed with his grandfather for two years. Soon after he stayed in the care of his uncle Abu Talib and was soon put to work in the caravans.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  While working in these caravans he met the owner Kadijiah. He married her when he was 25 and she was 15 years older than him at 40. They later had seven children but that did not settle him down for he married several other women to gain political power or compassion from the widows he married. It was also a rumor that he arranged the deaths of the women he married.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was ...

Chip and Bins Case

The project is not fully-developed: Because the project is not well-prepared which leads to more problems when it was carried out in Southeast Norfolk like : Technical Failure, Lack of knowledge†¦ 2/ Examine the problem Definitions: After discussing the above definitions, we decided to classify the problems as below: We think that the cause of all troubles is because the project was not well- planned. 3/ Here is our alternative solutions for the problems: Solutions Time Money Practicability Hold a workshop about the benefit of this project x Find out alternative technologyCreate a competition for household in which house have least waste they will win and get reward X Conducting a survey on the residents' opinion and collecting their suggestions for the problem. X Enforcing fly-tipping legislation, prosecuting those dumping rubbish. X Reward for households that have the least waste. Reward for denouncing fly-it peers. Reducing a reasonable amount of council tax for the residents Postpone the project for at least 6 months. Showing people the negative effect on their lives if they don't recycle. X using some celebrity endorsement/ambassador.David Beckman, Adele†¦ ) X FREE Establish a technical team that can fix the system 24/7. 4/ Finally, we decide to choose these solutions: Establish a research on Southeast Norfolk District. This solutions will help us understand more about the people, what do they want from the project, what do they misunderstand about the project. Showing people the negative effect on their lives if they don't recycle. This solution will take a direct impact on people's kindness when they realize what they've done to the environment around them. Using some celebrity endorsement.They will act as Environment Ambassador to help promote the project, usually they will do it for free because this is also a good chance to promote their images. Hold a workshop about the benefit of this project. After TA king research, we will organized a wo rkshop to deliver the message to the people about the project, the environment to make them understand the true purpose of the project. Reward for households that have the least waste. It will encourage people to be more active, competitiveness is something that everybody has so they will be more happy to join the project.

Jose Rizal Essay

I. Introduction Jose rizal and andress bonifacio, ever heard of those name? what about their contribution and sacrifices for you as a Filipino? have you heard/know something about it? two people with the same desire and love for the country but has different beliefs and ways on acquiring their wants. Two people who came from the past and lived a greatest mark on the history of our nation, a men who awaken the desire of every indios in acquiring the freedom that was taken away from them for almost 300 years. Jose rizal was known from being the national hero of the Philippines. Who wouldn’t know about him? He was in every history book of phil. Same as bonifacio. They both sacrifice their lives to prove how much they love their country and for their desire to see the Philippines as a country having its own freedom and sovereignity. This research paper will tackle the nationalistic movement of jose rizal and andress abonifacio. II. Jose Rizal and his Nationalistic Movement Jose Rizal felt so guilty in Spaniards of being harsh and abusing Filipino people. Rizal form a organization called propaganda movement. The Propaganda Movement was a literary and cultural organization formed in 1872 by Jose Rizal. The aim of the propaganda movement was a peaceful assimilation, referring to the transition of the Philippines from being a colony to a province of Spain. These reforms were as follows: equality of the Filipinos and Spaniards before the laws; restoration of the Philippine representation in the Spanish Cortes; secularization of the Philippine parishes and the  expulsion of the friars, and human rights for Filipinos, such as freedom of speech. Freedom of the press and freedom to meet and petition for redress of grievances. Those who join this peaceful campaign were the Filipino exiles of 1872, the patriots who left the islands to escape persecution, and those who had been to Spain for their studies. Another Movent of Jose Rizal is The La Liga Filipina. social background is illumined and concretely defined by individual acts of intervention, such as Rizal’s novels, without which society and the physical world remain indifferent. We need this dialectical approach to comprehend in a more all-encompassing way Rizal’s vexed and vexing situation, together with his painstakingly calculated responses—all cunning ruses of Reason in history (for Hegel). Such ruses actually register the contradictions of social forces in real life, reflected in the crises of lives in each generation. The substantial biographies of Rizal–from Austin Craig to Rafael Palma, Leon Maria Guerrero to Austin Coates–all attempted to triangulate the ideas of the hero with his varying positions in his family, in the circle of his friends and colleagues in Europe, and in relation to the colonial Establishment. Their main concern is to find out the origin of the hero’s thoughts and their impact on the local environment. But the twin errors of contemplative objectivism and individualist bias persisted in vitiating their accounts. They ignored the historical-materialist axiom that the changing of circumstances and of personal sensibility/minds, as Marx advised, â€Å"can be conceived and rationally understood only as revolutionary practice†Ã¢â‚¬â€that is, sensuous collective praxis in material life. In Palma’s biography, for example, the novelty of Rizal’s project of the Liga Filipina became simply â€Å"a means to defray the expenses of the colonization of Borneo† (1949, 202; see Zaide and Zaide 1984). In reality, the Liga is the chief emblematic index of that transformative praxis fusing personal experience and objective circumstances. It is the crucible marking the failure of La Solidaridad reformism and the transition to the stage of popular mobilization mediated by the rising organic intellectuals of the dispossessed, in particular Andres Bonifacio, Jacinto, and others. Rizal’s radicalizing agenda was already distilled in his bold testimony of communicative action, the eloquent â€Å"Letter to the Women of Malolos†(more later), and articulated in the two letters dated June 20, 1892, letters whose resonance andvalue can  perhaps be compared only to St. Paul’s epistles to the early converts of the faith. By all accounts, the formation of the Liga is the key event marking Rizal’s leap from intellectual gradualism to collective separatism. Before his exile to Dapitan in 1892, Rizal met with members of the Masonic Balagtas Lodge in the home of Doroteo Onjungco, including Ambrosio Salvador, Timoteo Paez, Pedro Serrano, Domingo Franco, and, last but not least, Andres Bonifacio, who was then not distinguishable from the crowd of about thirty individuals. After Governor Despujol decreed Rizal’s banishment, the Liga members met secretly in the Azcarraga apartment of Deodato Arellano, among them Andres Bonifacio and Gregorio Del Pilar, who later died fighting American troops pursuing the fleeing Aguinaldo headed for Palanan (Palma 1949, 225). That historic gathering of seven persons signaled the launching of the Katipunan, The organization of â€Å"sons of the people† committed to overthrowing Spanish colonial tyranny. References: http://reference.allrefer.com/country-guide-study/philippines/philippines20.html http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propaganda_Movement http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filipino_nationalism

Business Research Methods & Tools Essay

2.Suppose you were preparing two-way tables of percentages for the following pairs of variables. How would you run the percentages? When two-way tables are being done this is usually because one of the variables is thought to be the cause, affect the cause, or predict the response of the other variable. This is called the (IV) independent variable (Cooper & Schindler, 2011 p.446). aAge and consumption of breakfast cereal. I would categorize age as the IV and percentages should be computed in the direction of this variable to show that age has some effect on the consumption of breakfast cereal. bFamily income and confidence about the family’s future. I think with this scenario either one could be used as the IV to determine whether higher income families compared to lower income families have more or less confidence on their family’s future. cMarital status and sports participation. I would use marital status as the IV and compute percentages in the direction of that variable to determine the effects that marriage has on sports participation. dCrime rate and unemployment rate I would use the unemployment rate as the IV and compute the percentages in this direction to show that unemployment rates have an effect on crime rate. Inquiring Minds Want to Know Case study 1.Build the management-research question hierarchy. Management Dilemma: Will Penton Media encounter lower advertising revenue if alternative methods of inquiry stimulation went untracked due to the usage decline of reader service cards? Management Question: Are business publication advertisements generating fewer leads than in the past? Research Questions: Do we continue to include reader service cards in the magazines as a value-enhancing service to the readers as well as the advertisers? What alternative methods using information technology can be implemented to enhance adverting revenues as reader service card usage declines? Investigative Questions: What are the percentages of subscribers using reader service cards in the present compared to the past two years? If there is a decline in usage, what are the alternatives the customers are using? Can we implement strategies to streamline those alternatives in information technology to sustain and enhance our advertising revenue? Management Questions: Will Penton Media experience a decline in profits due to alternative methods in information technology of customer inquiry stimulation from advertisements? Management Decision: Discontinue the use of reader service cards and it will be replaced with alternative methods by use of emerging information technology, which will integrate the customer with the advertiser on a real-time, customizable basis . 2. What ethical issues are relevant to this study? The largest issue relevant to this study was the issue of informed consent. During this study there is no mention that the participants of the study were fully informed of the details. I also believe that there was some researcher bias because out of the 676 buyers that responded only 40 respondents were followed up with to get more knowledge of their behavior and attitudes after data had been analyzed. I don’t think 40 people out of 676 would give accurate results of buyers attitudes and behaviors. One final ethical issue is the right to privacy (confidentiality). The cover letter in the survey indicates, â€Å"All individual responses will remain completely confidential†; however, it is Penton who has the responsibility of maintaining the confidentiality as it collects data from customers that can be most likely traceable to the survey participant based on the market and information data provided at the end of the survey. 3. Describe the sampling plan. Analyze its strengths and weaknesses. The sampling plan used is this survey was the stratified disproportionate random sample. This sampling plan was used because the researcher was looking to reach a specific subgroup within the population, and focused on disproportionate because there are different sampling fractions for each stratum. For example, out of 710 questionnaires received 676 were used and out of that only 40 were chosen for another sample. The strength of this sampling plan is that there is greater precision but the weakness is the difficulty to identify what the appropriate strata is for the study (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). 4. Describe the research design. Analyze its strengths and weaknesses. Research Design is the blueprint for the collection, measurement, and analysis of data (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). The research design consisted of a multistage communication study. In the communication study the researcher questions the subjects an d collects their responses by personal or impersonal means (Cooper & Schindler, 2011). The collected data resulted in a reader-targeted mail questionnaire by phone, then by mail questionnaire to a select 300 subscribers before finalizing the questionnaire to 4,000 managers, executives, engineers, and purchasing agents. The technique used in the questionnaire was qualitative, by asking specific questions on methods of contact between consumer and advertiser. Secondary research was used when 12 magazines were used to compare the inquiry response options that were/are offered. All of these designs can help to acquire data more cost efficiently than other designs and have the ability to reach more people. However, the data may not be as accurate as with other methods. For instance, the research from the magazines may not be accurate because Penton was relying on the fact that the information from the magazines was accurate and had been retrieved correctly. 6. Critique the survey used for the study. First, the survey used was segmented to purchasers of organizations instead of a sample that represented the entire publication population. The researchers noted the margin of error was +- 4%; however, a balanced sample of the population would have produced results that could be much different than the segmented sample population. If key managerial decisions are to be made based on this questionnaire, you should have the entire population represented. In this case, just because someone is not a purchase manager, Penton is ignoring the other subscribers who may also use the reader service card service as a consumer or through their own personal business. Besides the fact it excluded non-purchase approvers from the sample, the survey is well designed. The questions are clear, concise, and accomplish the goal of how users interact with advertisers on potential suppliers, products, and services 7. Assume you are compiling your research report. How would you present the statistical information within this case to the IndustryWeek decision maker, the manager who must decide whether or not to continue to publish reader service cards? I would present this information by developing bar graphs that show the usage frequency by years. The bar graphs will be effective because they can easily show the growth or decline of use throughout the years. 8. Assume you are compiling your research report. What are the limitations of this study? The research limitations are due to excluding respondents who are not purchase decision makers. The sample of the subscriber population was not a representation of the entire population but only of subscribers with purchasing ability. This will distort the results of the survey and could impact the decision on whether to continue or discontinue the reader service cards based on the opinions of one segment of the population 9. Assume you are the decision maker for IndustryWeek . Given the declining value of the reader response card to subscribers, originally designed as a value-enhancing service to IW readers and advertisers alike, what further research might be suggested by the findings of this study? Or do you have sufficient information to stop the use of reader response cards in IndustryWeek ? I think that even though the research was limited to a small segment of the entire population, I would still make the managerial decision to end the use of reader cards due to the declining usage and with the dramatic increases in alternative means by email, internet, and facsimile communication. I think it would be a better idea to look into other options to replace the reader cards.

History of Advertising

TRACE THE EVOLUTION AND GROWTH OF INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING AND PUBLIC RELATION WORLWIDE. FOCUS ON ITS OPERATION IN NIGERIA, EVALUATING ITS LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT AND THE IMPACT OF ITS PRACTISE ON CORPORATE SUCCESS. The History of Advertising Introduction â€Å"Advertising, a form of commercial mass communication designed to promote the sale of a product or service, or a message on behalf of an institution, organization, or candidate for political office. † In a primitive form, advertising has been around almost as long as Homo sapiens in a recognizably modern form. It has been around for almost 2500 years. Despite its venerable age it is still sprightly growing. Moreover there are good reasons to believe that its usefulness to consumer and therefore to economics, will keep on growing for another century or two at the very least. Even the dumbest futurologists would not try to predict further ahead than that, so I rest my case in advertising being a far larger and more important global industry in AD 2099 than in AD 1999 Advertising can be looked at from various perspectives. As the quote above states, its purpose is to increase the number of articles or products sold. These are not only things we can buy in different stores, for example clothing or supplies for our daily life, but also such simple things as a message placed by an institution or organization asking for attention of the public to raise money or to make them aware of a problem, such as anti-smoking ads. Even political parties use advertisements and commercials to state the opinion of their candidate. I think we have all experienced that quite extensively during the presidential campaign in the United States. Advertising became big business in the 20th  century, offering many different jobs in advertising agencies and the marketing section. The use of the media, like newspapers, television, direct mail, radio, magazines, outdoor signs and of course the Internet made this growth possible. It is a form of transporting information to the consumer, but which does not only have positive sides. There are many critical aspect about it, like persuading people to doing unhealthy things, like smoking, or producing special stereotypes everybody tries to follow. Nevertheless, advertising has become international, since producers and companies try to sell their products on a globalized market in almost every corner of the world. It is therefore not surprising to see a big sign for Coca Cola in third world countries. 19th and 20th Century Advertising In the 19th century new technologies were developed and brand-new methods invented. As a result a surplus of production was formed. Warehouses of many factories were overflowing. In this way it was necessary to create useful advertisements, which would cover all large spaces, utilizing a large variety of mass media sources. The first advertising agent who created such a network was Volney Palmer. In 1841 he proclaimed himself as an advertising agent in Philadelphia and then created similar offices in Boston and New York. About 20% of the commission for media brokers was paid to the publishers. Texts of ads were offered by the head of the company or its representative. People who wanted to put their ads in the newspaper paid him a commission. Such activities became very popular during the second part of 19th  century in all European countries. Significant advances in advertising development were made by American brokers. In the early 1850’s, John Wanamaker caused a revolution in the retail trade. He created a price lists for a variety of goods and returned the money if the commodity was not of the promised quality. As a result, he gained a lot of profit by using this strategy and he then opened a network of consumer goods shops. The reason of such great success was professional advertising. In 1880 businessmen employed the best creator of advertising texts – D. E. Powers. Powers started to develop advertisements using brand-new information. This strategy had become very popular in American trade circles and by the 20th century advertising had become a form of science. â€Å"In the 1880s a new era of advertising began: New methods of manufacturing led to greatly increased output and decreased the costs for the producers of consumer goods. The products now could be packaged at the plant. Moreover the telegraph network was in place and the continent has been crisscrossed by a network of railroads†¦. † All these were assumptions that now allowed nation-wide distribution and nation-wide advertising. This state supported the growth of advertising agencies and dictated their activities. During 19th  century the majority of advertisements were published in the newspapers and advertising leaflets. Although newspapers were a prerogative of well-off class of community but the situation began to change in the early 1860’s when people got the opportunity of receiving publications by post. First magazine advertisements appeared in  The Southern Messenger. For a few years the editor of this magazine was Edgar Po. Many of the magazines that began to publish advertisements as the separate charter in the 19th  century have continued doing it nowadays. Such editions are  Cosmopolitan, Ladies’ Home Journal, Readers Digest  and some others. Despite of the popular brands of newspapers the majority of information in the advertisements was unreliable and apocryphal. Moreover advertisements sometimes were immoral and absurd. For example in the countryside of one American city advertisement was placed in the monument of a non-existent person and it stated: â€Å"This person killed himself with the handgun with Colt system†. Then â€Å"publishers† enumerated the value of this handgun. As the result of such inhuman actions people stopped trusting advertisements and began to consider advertising as something negative. The first radio-advertisement was broadcast in 1922 in New York on the WEAF radio station. Thus in the 1920s advertisers and their agents had come to realize radio's possibilities. With its drama and immediacy, radio could convey their message directly to the consumer who would not need to purchase a publication or even need to be literate. In the 1950s television was introduced and quickly developed into THE advertising-media. In the 1950’s common income from the advertising industry rose to $ 10 billion a year. In 1980’s this index was $ 100 billion! Now advertisers could demonstrate the use of their products and present well-known figures to praise it. They could also affect emotions through television. THE HISTORY OF PUBLIC RELATION EARLY DEVELOPMENT. Although the concept of public relations as systematic social activity and the term itself, were not recognized until the first decades of the twentieth century, its more elementary functions of publicity, persuasion , and press agentry are many children old. Archaeologists have discovered evidence of political communication, such as painted messages. , in ruins of ancient civilizations, just as thousands of communicators publicize today’s Olympic Games ,so did their predecessors promote the first contexts in Greece. Caesar’s commentaries, glorifying the emperor, and the four gospels of the New Testament represented other forms of publicity and persuasion. As Peter G. Osgood, president of the public relations firm, remarked, â€Å"St john the Baptist himself did superb Advance work of P. R for Jesus of Nazareth. 19TH AND 20TH PUBLIC RELATIONS As the wave of industrialization, mechanization and urbanization swept the nation after civil war, the public became concerned about many aspects of big business, including concentrations of wealth and control. In 1888 the mutual Life Insurance company sought to improve its image by employing newspaperman Charles J . Smith to write press releases. A year later Westinghouse corporation created what is said to be the first in-house publicity department. In 1897 the term public relations was used ,perharps for the first time, by the Association of American Railroads. Twentieth –Century Developments. The first publicity firm, known as the publicity bureau, was established in Boston in 1900, with Harvard University as one of its clients. Within the decade a number of other such bureaus were established. Among them was the office oof Ivy Ledbetter Lee and George Parker. Ivy lee belief that much of the public’s antipathy toward business at that time-an antipathy exploite by the muckrakers (publications and writers who exposed corruption and exploitation) – resulted from the fact that most businesses operated in secrecy and most business people would not discuss their policies in operations with the public. Ivy lee used his PR techniques to restore peace and good image to the U. S coalindustry which was experiencing tumoil as aresult of shattering strikes. Lee continued to develop such techniques which werelater applied in various situations. Another dimension was added to public relations concept during world war 1, when the committee on public information was established by the federal government under George Creel,a former newspaper reporter. The committee conducted a massive and successful publicity campaign to mobilize the American public behind the war effort. The values of such massive communications efforts were impressed upon those who worked with Creel, and some of them became pioneers in the establishment of public relations firm designes to conduct similar campaigns for private clients. They included Edward L. Bernays , who in 1923 coined the term public relations counsel to describe a function that was to become the core of public relations, and Carl Byoir, whose firm became highly successful. After world war II public relations developed rapidly,in business and industry at first and later in nonprofit institutions. The number of public relation workers soared from only 19,000 in 1950 to 250,000 in 1990. In Nigeria the need for public administration arose after second world war. At that time there was need for effective public information as a result of growing unpopularity of the then colonial government. In the private sector, UAC established thr first PR department in 1949 under Charles Newman to explain the company’s work and policies to the people. EVALUATING THE OPERATIONS AND LEVEL OF DEVELOPMENT OF ADVERTISING IN NIGERIA Few studies have examined the cultural reflections and the role of advertising in the national development of Nigerian or other African countries. This study, which explored the meaning of development, the debate on the role of culture and mass media on social modernization, African political economy as well as Nigerian history, politics, economic and ommunication development efforts, serves as an attempt to bridge that gulf. This study focused on the role of advertising in the process of social mobilization and modernization in Nigeria by examining the cultural reflections, the nature and characteristics of the messages, and the values and symbols conveyed in Nigerian mass media advertisements. The findings demonstrated the difficulty of ascertaining th e role of the mass media including advertising on a nation’s social, economic and national development and modernization. However, some of the conclusions drawn from the exploration could be summarized as follows: (1) The Nigerian government as well as native-owned enterprises and public corporations do not use advertising adequately to promote their goods and services; (2) Nigerian advertisers used both Western or traditional African cultural values, but neither of them dominated the other; (3) Developmental themes were found in Nigerian mass media advertisements, but they tended to concentrate on individual instead of group goals as traditional African value system dictates; (4) The nature and target(s) of advertisements in Nigerian mass media demonstrated that the Nigerian economy is distorted and underdeveloped; (5) The underdeveloped nature is clearly demonstrated because the majority of consumer products and services advertised in Nigeria were of foreign origin and mostly non-essential; (6) The products advertised often targeted the elites because the Nigerian masses could not afford them; (7) Fin ancial advertisements were the most dominant products and services of Nigerian origin because they promoted more products and services that the average Nigerian could afford. This study demonstrated that advertising holds both promises and problems for Nigerian economic and social development. Its promises deal with its ability to relay useful information on social issues and on the availability of goods and services to the masses. On the other hand, the problems deal with its ability to promote unfair competition, consumerism, lack of interest in social matters, and immoral attitudes, which could distort the economy or undermine traditional values and national economy. However, advertising should be encouraged, not discouraged. It could be monitored by practitioners and government officials in order to make the medium an effective vehicle for promoting goods and services as well as values that would assist the socioe conomic development of Nigeria. Advertising remains an important vehicle for the various tiers of Nigerian government to use for promoting their services and for explaining national issues in order to promote national integration and the social welfare of the masses. The use of advertising to promote socioeconomic development could be achieved by adopting â€Å"developmental advertising. The idea calls for the incorporation of relevant cultural values and developmental themes in product and servi ce advertisements by the private and public sectors. The goal is to help public corporations and businesses in marketing their products and services, thus enabling Nigeria’s economic and social growth. It could assist Nigerians to adopt useful modernization habits. THE IMPACT OF INTERNATIONAL ADVERTISING ON A CORPORATE BODY The advertising business has become such an important factor in the economy of many countries, especially in Nigeria, that it also changes the economy itself, society, culture, and the political system. The stimulation for the demand of products and services helps the  economy  grow stronger and stronger. New inventions become known much faster and can establish their spot in the sales figures of the economy. If there are more people buying these products the overall costs will drop and the product will become cheaper for the customer which raises his willingness to buy even more. On the other hand advertisements are very expensive and some economists believe that these costs are put on top of the actual price paid by the customer. Advertising has a serious impact on the  culture  of a country. The globalized economy uses the same commercials in a lot of different countries, which leads to a break down in the differences of these societies. Children will grow up not knowing how their culture has been before in their country. It can also lead to a lot of discussion about moral values if we just think about the very controversial ads. Critics argue that advertising can also have a huge influence on  society. It tells the consumers that only purchasing products makes you happy and therefore people compare each other on their belongings. Women also compare themselves with the beautiful and very skinny models they see on commercials and ads. This sometimes results in eating disorders and a low self-esteem of women who don’t look like these models. Another bad effect is, that minority groups, especially in the United States are portrait in a subordinate position, which settles in the minds of people. Commercials are also an important part of the income of a TV station which leads to the suspicion that a news channel might not report on an incident about a company they depend on. A lot of TV shows are also based on these commercials, and if the ratings aren’t good enough the show will be stopped. Only those shows which attract a lot of viewers will be shown, which is not very differentiated and put minorities like older people at a disadvantage. Finally advertising can also have an impact in  politics. Millions are spent on advertisements and TV commercials in any elections taking place in the country. It gives the opponents the chance to respond to charges very quickly reaching a few million viewers. But since this is very expensive only very rich people have to chance to run for a political position or at least depend on the donation of wealthier people who could have a huge impact on democracy this way. The political issues talked about in an election are also very much simplified because the spots are only about 30 seconds long, and you can’t really discuss a lot in such a short period of time. ————————————————- The Challenge of Public Relations and Good Governance in Nigeria The role of the Nigeria Institute of Public Relations in enhancing communication between Governments, organisations and the public cannot be over emphasized. By ensuring free flow of communication, public relations practitioners help to reduce conflict and misunderstandings in the society. As you are all aware, good governance, accountability and transparency are important ingredients of democracy. In other words, the objective of good governance, as being implemented by this Administration, is to ensure the provision of better quality of life for all Nigerians. it is my opinion that public relations practitioners have the responsibility to understand public perceptions and truthfully communicate these to government. They should endeavor to provide free flow of information on government policies and actions to the general public for the good of all. In this highly technological information age, the Public Relations professional needs to have a high sense of intellectual judgement, creativity, confidence and above all courage. I dare to say therefore that given the relevance of your profession, which is all about helping us to manage our relations with all our publics, a lot is expected of you. As you are all aware, we are now dealing with more informed and discerning publics. They are hungry for knowledge and truth and the success of any government in marketing its policies and achievements – external and internal – will depend on the level of professionalism, which you as Public Relations practitioners provide. I urge you therefore to tell the Nigerian story from our own perspective at all times. In Nigeria, Public Relations has become a strategic management function. Most Nigerian organizations either have full public relations department or retain the services of PR consultants. In corporate bodies, PR is now acknowledged as a major tool in achieving social, economic and political goals and objectives of an organization. Public Relations has had numerous impact in an organization through publicizing an organizations activities and maintaining cordial relationship with the media (information and communication). Researching on corporate image, public motivation issues and trends. Public Relation has helped extensively in corporate identity management of an organization.